Postawy narodowego inkluzywizmu w społeczeństwie polskim (1988 – 1998 – 2019)
Attitudes of National Inclusiveness in Polish Society (1988 – 1998 – 2019)

Summary/Abstract: In the article, we focus on the analysis of the attitudes with regard to the possibility of a foreigner being recognized as member of Polish society understood as a Polish national community. Based on the results of the survey ‘Poles and Others, 30 years after’ conducted in 2018 as well as on the comparisons with the findings of the identical studies from 1988 and 1998, we analyse the varieties of Polish national identity and how they translate into the conditions for recognizing a foreigner as a Pole. First, we point out that the fulfilment of different membership conditions is required from a foreigner than from a Pole. Second, the respondents’ opinions about the foreigners’ ways of entering Polish society feature various concepts of their affiliation as well as diverse expectations formulated towards them, ranging from civic to ethnic. Third, we emphasize the fundamental importance of socio-cultural criteria for the acceptance of a foreigner in Polish society, related to her or his convivial functioning among Poles.

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