Сравнительный анализ систем общего образования в зарубежных странах: обобщение опыта изучения
Comparative analysis of general education systems in foreign countries: synthesis of study experience

Summary/Abstract: Education in the modern world plays an important role and its development is one of the priorities in many countries. Building a highly effective and high-quality system of general education will contribute to the progress of various spheres of activity of the entire state. The purpose of the research in the article is to conduct a comparative analysis of general education systems in countries such as Finland, Estonia, South Korea, China and Singapore. The study aims to identify their strengths and weaknesses, principles of construction and functioning of these systems, as well as their common and various features. The article used such research methods as analysis (an analysis of each system of general education of a separate country was carried out and certain characteristic features and features were identified), analogies (each system has common features that occur in each system and are fundamental for general education systems), the method of generalization (identification of general directions of development and current trends in these systems of general education), the historical method (the stages of formation of these systems and the influence of the historical development of the country on the organization of the general education system are considered), the comparison method (direct comparison of educational systems of different countries by the main indicators: goal setting, organization of the educational process, requirements for teachers and requirements for students). The general education systems of the countries studied were conducted according to 4 parameters: goal setting, teachers and teaching, the learning process, requirements for students. Based on the analysis carried out, it can be concluded that it is impossible to unambiguously determine which of the systems is the best and most effective, because each has its own positive and negative sides. One can observe a clear difference in the approaches to the organization of the education system of Western (Finland and Estonia) and eastern (China and South Korea) countries. In Western countries, a personality-oriented approach to learning is used. In Eastern schools, the vector of education is shifted towards educating a collective person, here the key value of education is the successful passing of the final exam. Singapore includes features of both the Western and eastern systems. At the moment, the features of the Western system are beginning to prevail in Singapore, such as an individual approach to learning, a shift in orientation from grades and competition among students to learning for their own sake, for the sake of knowledge.

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