Mediul carceral. Evadarea din închisoare prin suicid. Sinteză de literatură
Prison Environment. Escaping from Prison through Suicide. Literature Review

Summary/Abstract: Suicide in prison is the result of a complex combination of different elements. The risk determinants of a convicted persons are translated into two parts, factors imported from their liberty or factors acquired in the penitentiary environment as a product of incarceration. The risk factors described are demographic, psychosocial, medical, and criminogenic. This paper makes a literature review dedicated to suicide actions in prison by exposing the risk factors that lead to this event, while making some concrete suggestions regarding the methods of prevention. The research also presents a report analysis made by the National Council of Europe, with other states, on suicide cases and deaths highlighted in Romanian penitentiaries. Method used, was to sort the literature based on the two elements, the risk factors identified prior to arrest and those during detention, analyzing the publications that contained terms with arguments and discussions on suicide riskfactors in prison. The most relevant conclusions appear at suicidal risk factors on a clinical background, criminogenic, and institutional background and at the opposite pole the environmental and educational factors that can hardly be improved. The study also discovers several pro-active strategies for suicide prevention in prison, evaluation during incarceration and during custody, shared accommodation, involvement of the support inmate and family, development of specific programs and other interventions in the work with the prisoner at risk of suicide.

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