Коми-пермяцкие названия гриба дождевика (Lycoperdon)
Komi-Permyak Names of Puffball (Lycoperdon)

Summary/Abstract: The article looks into the names of the puffball mushroom (Lycoperdon) in Komi-Permyak dialects (the former have been found in field recordings from 2016—2022 and publications). The dialect data has allowed us to focus on the traditional beliefs associated with puffballs in the Komi-Permyak culture, which is reflected in its nominations. In addition, four new names of puffballs have been discovered in the field recordings, and the spatial distribution of previously recorded lexemes has been clarified. In the main part of the article, each lexeme is analyzed from the point of view of its history, etymology, and semantics. We have shown their structural-semantic correspondences in Permic, other Finno-Ugric languages, and Russian dialects. Conclusions are drawn about the possible mutual influence of the Russian and the Komi-Permyak languages in the naming of puffballs. The names of the puffball in the Komi-Permyak language refer to different times. The name енгым/енгум/йэнгөм, widespread over a large area, reflects the ancient Finno-Ugric ideas that the thunder god scatters puffballs during a thunderstorm. On the contrary, the names ошбаня and оштабак are apparently late loan translations from the Russian myconyms. Names бусштак, тшынтшак, ошбаня, and оштабак reflect the ability of puffballs to scatter spores. Names зэрна мач and катшакольк/катшакольть reflect their specific shape and resemblance to bird eggs. The areas of the Komi-Permyak lexicon, denoting a puffball and having precise geographic coordinates, are shown on the linguistic map.

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