Podziały społeczne i ich upolitycznienie jako przykłady toksycznych struktur władzy?
Social cleavages and their politicization as a manifestation of toxic power structures?

Summary/Abstract: The article reflects the burgeoning academic interest in social cleavages and various ways of their politicization. It addresses their origins, identifi cation, interpretation and also — to a limited extent — the ways they can be applied to politics. Th e article shows that cleavages are historical and social constructs that exist in time. On the other hand, they also confi rm the existence of real divisions and inequalities already present in a social structure. Th e divisions discussed in the paper are, fi rst of all, distinguished through the existing inequalities, their depth, and then the politicization and social-political consequences. At the same time, the cleavages, as phenomena observed at a group level, can also by symptomatic of asymmetric intergroup

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