Raymond Aron és a „politikai” fogalmának morális és realista értelmezési paradigmája
Raymond Aron and the Moral and Realist Paradigm of the Concept of the “Political”:

Summary/Abstract: Raymond Aron was one of the Western intellectuals who stood up for the revolution after the 1956 Hungarian Revolution. In fact, he was one of the French intellectuals who, even during the Cold War, were clearly anti-communist and critical of the Soviet totalitarian dictatorship. This clarity of his political vision was the “virtue” of a political thinker who considered it essential to base his thinking always on a sound analysis of the political situation. In reconstructing this way of thought, the paper identifies three paradigms of beliefs about the nature of politics: one associated with Machiavelli and Schmitt, a moralising Kantian position, and a middle ground between the two paradigms, which can be traced back to Aristotle. Drawing on a late lecture by Aron, the paper shows that, according to the French thinker, practical reason can guide us in dealing with things subject to changing circumstances, and politics is of this nature. In this context, practical reason is identified by him as practical wisdom, what Aristotle called phronesis and the Romans identified as the virtue of prudence. In this interpretation of Aron, the paper follows Pierre Manent. In the final part of the thesis, Aron’s analysis of the nature of “the political” is applied to two episodes in Hungarian history, the reign of Gabriel Bethlen in Transylvania and the circumstances of the birth of the Settlement with Austria. This is to show how Aron’s political thought might be used to provide the methodological framework to interpret notions of “the political” in modern Hungarian political thought, the aim of the research K 143251 at RIPG, UPS, funded by the National Scientific Research Fund.

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