SHTYPI SHQIPTAR NË EPOKËN E DYTË KUSHTETUESE DHE QËNDRIMI I PORTËS SË LARTË NDAJ TIJ
THE ALBANIAN PRESS IN THE SECOND CONSTITUTIONAL ERA AND THE ATTITUDE OF THE HIGH PORTA TOWARDS IT

Summary/Abstract: The first examples of the Albanian press can be found in the second half of the 19th century. In addition, newspapers and magazines published by Albanians abroad ensured the development of the Albanian press. The activities of the press had an undeniable importance in the development of Albanian nationalism. It cannot be said that harsh measures were taken by the Ottoman governments against the Albanian press until the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century. In the magazines and newspapers published before 1908, there were publications against the absolutism of Sultan Abdylhamit II, as well as opinions about the Albanian language, history and the main problems of Albania. Also, information was given about the various activities of Albanian intellectuals, congresses, gatherings, conferences and efforts to create a society. With the announcement of the Second Constitutional Monarchy, there was a revival in the world of the printing press and some press bodies entered into close relations with Albanian associations and ensured the spread of nationalist ideas. With the initiative of Albanian societies between 1908-1912, a total of 35 Albanian newspapers were published in Turkey and abroad. These newspapers declared that they would do journalism for the development of national culture within the framework of the rights and limits defined in the constitution. Between the years 1908-1912, newspapers reflecting the problems and important events of the national movement for the public played an important role in publishing their national thoughts and defending the political program of this movement. As a result of the regulations imposed by the press law, newspapers in Albania were closed and newspaper writers were arrested. Fehim Zavalani, the editor of the newspaper Bashkimi i Kombit in Bitola, was arrested in September 1910 for publishing an article showing the actions of the Ottoman army in Northern Albania and was sentenced to imprisonment and a fine of fifty lira. Even Lef Nosi, who ran the Tomori newspaper in Elbasan, was prosecuted by the Ottoman authorities for publishing articles that incited the Albanian people to revolt against the Committee of Union and Progress. Also, many newspapers that were published abroad were banned from entering the Ottoman territories.

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