Using Nonlinear and Structural Equations (Sem) for Testing the Correlation Between Political Culture and Substantive Democracy. Cross-National Comparisons
Using Nonlinear and Structural Equations (Sem) for Testing the Correlation Between Political Culture and Substantive Democracy. Cross-National Comparisons

Summary/Abstract: This paper aims to test the relationship between political culture and substantial democracy in European countries. Substantial democracy could be achieved through an elevated level of political deliberation and an active role played by citizens in conventional or unconventional forms of political participation. The study used secondary statistical data for observing and estimating the correlation between political culture and both deliberative and participatory democracy. Using a quantitative research design, based on structural equations modeling (SEM) and both nonlinear equations of regression and differential equations with partial derivatives, we estimated direct and indirect effects generated by the political culture in the field of substantial democracy. The sample is represented by EU-27 countries plus the UK. Empirical findings suggest new significant research directions for understanding the correlation between cultural variables and the quality of substantial democracy.

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