Brykała – zasięg regionalny (krakowski?) i etymologia
Brykała – regional (Krakow?) range and etymology

Summary/Abstract: The article is a lexical and historical-etymological study of the brykała/brykacz unit, recognized for example in ethnographic sources, as a Krakow regionalism. The author, reviewing various sources from linguistics, ethnography, history and cultural history, as well as the military, considers four aspects of the functioning of this lexeme in the Polish language: semantic, geographical, social (first part of the article) and etymological (second part of the article). This analysis allows to determine the geographical range of the brykała/brykacz (generalizing, eastern Poland – macroregionalism) and social (bread consumed for its nutritional value, mainly by soldiers). The etymology of the word remains uncertain, although the author has managed to formulate some hypotheses indicating the source of the word: (1) East Slavic loan, referring to rus. briaknut' ‘to pass moisture, swell’ or to the meaning; (2) East Slavic loan, referring to verb brykać or a generalized core of the bryk- ‘to oppose’; (3) brykała, originally a kind of millet flour (< ber, brzyk > bryk), then a dish made from it or ‘a bread made of brzyka > bryka’).

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