ПРЕСЛАВСКИЙ ПЕРЕВОД ЖИТИЯ ПРЕП. ИОАННА ЛЕСТВИЧНИКА И ДАЛЬНЕЙШАЯ РУКОПИСНАЯ ТРАДИЦИЯ ЛЕСТВИЦЫ
PRESLAV TRANSLATION OF THE LIFE OF ST. JOHN CLIMACUS AND FURTHER HANDWRITTEN TRADITION OF THE “LADDER”

Summary/Abstract: The article names 69 lexemes characteristic of the Preslav translation of the Life of St. John Climacus. In 41 cases, one lexeme of the Preslav translation corresponds to the same lexeme in all three later translations of the Life; in 28 cases, different lexemes in different translations correspond to one lexeme of the Preslav translation. Among the lexemes of the Preslav translation of the Life there are words that are found in the translations of John the Exarch of Bulgaria. The article names quotations from the Holy Scriptures, the lexical content of which in the Preslav Literary School was different than in other early Slavic translation schools. This phenomenon is due to the phenomenon of "collective church memory". The Preslav translation of the Life is word-for-word; the translator strictly follows the grammar of the original Greek, but there are minor deviations from this principle. The article provides examples of the translator's personal decisions. The original for the Preslav translation was an early Greek version of the text. By the middle of the XIV century, the late Greek version of the text of the “Ladder”, and the Life of its author, became widespread in Byzantine writing. Later version of the Life of St. John Climacus is associated with the development of the hagiographic canon in Byzantine literature. The texts of the two Greek versions differ sharply in language, content and structure. The manuscript of the later version was known to the Tarnovo scribe, the monk Mark. Mark compared the Greek and Slavic texts and found many significant differences between them. These discrepancies caused Mark to perform a new translation of the “Ladder” and the Life of its author. The original for the Tarnovo translation was the late Greek version of the text, while the original for the Preslav translation was the early Greek version of the text. Thus, naming the Tyrnov translation as a reworking of the Preslav translation is erroneous.

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