İbn Haldun Düşüncesinde Sanat ve Umrân
Art and Umran in Ibn Khaldūn Thought

Summary/Abstract: Ibn Khaldūn, considered the founder of the philosophy of history and sociology, evaluates art in the context of the understanding of the art of his period in his Muqaddimah. This understanding of craft/ profession comes to mind when art is mentioned during the Middle Ages. Ibn Khaldūn deals with and evaluates the relationship between art and ‘umrān within the needs framework. The only condition for the emergence and development of art in a society is the level of need of the society for that art. In this understanding, as the need for the arts as increases as ‘umrān increases, the arts also increase and develop. One of the most critical factors in the developing the arts is the state's support for the arts, in otherwords, its need. Since art is considered as a means of earning in Ibn Khaldūn, the most essential way of its development is its potential to provide financial return to the artist. Art that does not bring financial gain to its artist will be abandoned and that art will be forgotten in time. The relationship Khaldūn established between ‘umrān, art and need is not an individual-based one, but a society-based one. In this sense, it is not the individual needs and abilities of the artist that nourish, grow and direct the arts, but the order of needs of development level of the society. The climate, which is decisive for the needs, is a severe factor that also determines development of art. Climate directly affects the character and development of society, which in turn directly affects the arts in the context of needs. Ibn Khaldūn, who carries, the thoughts of his period in terms of considering art as a profession, differs from the ideas of his time in terms of the complex relationship he established between, such as art, society, need and climate. Muqaddimah, which is seen as the founding text of many branches of science, can be considered the founding text of the sociology of art in terms of its method of dealing with the relationship between art and ‘umrān. The study used qualitative research methods to used to analyze Ibn Khaldūn’s relationship that established between ‘umrān and art.

• Details
• Contents