Horasan Ekolünün Teşekkülünde Hâtim el-Esam ve Entelektüel Ağı
A Pioneer Scholar in the Formation of Khurāsān School: Ḥātim al-Aṣamm and His Intellectual Network

Summary/Abstract: Abū ʿAbd al-Raḥmān Ḥātim al-Aṣamm (d. 237/851) appears as an essential figure in the formation of the Khurāsān Sufi School. He played an active role in transmitting and developing the teaching, which came through Ibrāhīm b. Adham (d. 161/778) and Shaqīq al-Balkhī (d. 194/810), throughout Khurāsān and Transoxiana. At the same time, it is accepted that he contributed to the formation of the Malamatiyya School with his disciples. This article focuses on Ḥātim al-Aṣamm's intellectual identity and network, which has not been the subject of any academic study. It tries to determine these by making use of the early issues and debates with the literature from different scientific fields. It has been pointed out that, apart from his master Shaqīq al-Balkhī, the strong tawakkul aspect of Ḥātim’s lady may have an effect on the characterization of his understanding. Because of his togetherness with a large mass of disciples and having a large family, it has been understood that, unlike Shaqīq al-Balkhī, he tried to balance between rural Sufism and urban Sufism. In this respect, from expressing the responsibilities of people towards the repentant person to setting off from Balkh to Khwarazm, where the slave trade was carried out, only to set the slaves free, are among the instances given in terms of revealing his social responsibility and awareness.

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