The Teutonic Order and monasteries in Gdańsk Pomerania in the first half of the 14th century
The Teutonic Order and monasteries in Gdańsk Pomerania in the first half of the 14th century

Summary/Abstract: The subject of the study is an attempt to characterize the policy pursued by the Teutonic Order (German) towards monasteries in Gdańsk Pomerania in the first half of the 14th century. Previous assessments have traditionally pointed to consistently applied restrictions regarding the foundation of monasteries in Prussia and the German order's desire to submit strict control of all assemblies with their headquarters in Gdańsk Pomerania. The article mainly points to two factors influencing the relations of the German Order with monasteries in Gdańsk Pomerania, i.e. the process of implantation of monasteries and the territorialization of the German Order's offices in Gdańsk Pomerania.The analyzes conducted show that the relations of the German Order with the monasteries in Gdańsk Pomerania were not so much a consequence of the policy it consistently implemented, but rather the result of many factors resulting from the situation prevailing in a given religious order (Cistercians) and in relation to a specific monastery. (example of Dominicans in Gdańsk). The German order usually acted as a territorial ruler, confirming purchase-sale transactions or the granting or exchange of goods, and as an arbitrator in disputes with other institutions (city authorities). This function was performed by local commanders or the grand master of the order himself. The latter's participation was usually related to the need for general regulation, as in the case of the general confirmation of the monastery properties in Oliwa and Żarnowiec made by Grand Master Ludolf König. In general, the order's relations with the monasteries were good, if not downright good. It should also be emphasized that the position of the German Order towards monasteries in Gdańsk Pomerania was an element of a broader church policy pursued in this area also towards the Bishop of Włocławek and the Archbishop of Gniezno.

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