Ернст Тугендхат – антропологията като основна наука на философията
Anthropology as the Basic Science of Philosophy

Summary/Abstract: This article examines the work of the recently deceased German philosopher Ernst Tugenhat. He was one of the original and influential thinkers in Germany over the last 60 years or so. Tugendhat studied and defended his doctoral thesis under Martin Heidegger. An important result of his formation in the intellectual milieu of phenomenology is his habilitation thesis „The Concept of Truth in Husserl and Heidegger” (1967). After a scholarship in the USA, Tugendhat became one of the first popularizers of the analytic philosophy of language in Germany. His book „Lectures on the Analytic Philosophy of Language” (1976) was particularly influential. This article briefly outlines the main philosophical ideas of this book. Again, the main ideas of another influential work of Tugendhat, „Lectures on Ethics” (1993), are also succinctly stated. More attention is paid to the philosopher's last two books, „Egocentricity and Mysticism” (2003) and „Anthropology instead of Metaphysics” (2007). In them, the author's view is developed and justified that in our time the main science of philosophy, the so-called „first philosophy” is no longer metaphysics, but anthropology. The main ideas in Tugendhat's understanding of anthropology are discussed.

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