Rolul colonizărilor în dezvoltarea economică a Lugojului în secolul al XVIII-lea
The Role of Colonization in the Economic Development of Lugoj in the Eighteenth Century

Summary/Abstract: In a Europe of developments and contrasts, the presence of the German people in Lugoj has determined the birth of a society marked by diversity, plurilingualism, cultural and religious tolerance. The colonization has begun with the transformation of the province in a domain of the Crown, and developed sistematically until 1788 during the reign of three kings: Carol the 6th, Maria Teresa and Joseph the 2nd. It had a period of maximum development in the second half of the 18th century. In order to help the small German community located on the left bank of the Timis river, the Order of the Minor Monks was founded in 1718. On the left bank of the Timis river, other German inhabitans settled here in 1718. They lay the foundation of a new community. This small community, taken care of by the administrative office of the Catholic parish, began to lead an ordinary life, to form its own families with their own cycle of life: birth, marriage and death. After an interruption of several years, beginning with the year 1734 the process of the colonization continued. A part of the Germans were assigned to the Lugoj district. But because of the Ottoman – Austrian war between 1737-1739 a large part of the colonizers ran away from Lugoj. In 1740 due to the General Commander Engelshoffen’s approval, other six families from Ardeal district settled in Lugoj. The Emperor Joseph the 2nd continued the politics of his predecessors, of encouraging the colonial politics in Banat. During his reign, the number of the Swabian increased in the German Lugoj. It was found that at a census from 1786 the settlement had 1446 inhabitants with 203 houses. His orders regarding the administration of Banat had as a target a certain balance and a good cohabitation between people with a different ethnicity. The politics was later applied to Lugoj in the 18th century.

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