AKTUALNE UJĘCIA PROBLEMU KRZYWDZENIA DZIECKA – PERSPEKTYWA ŚWIATOWA
CURRENT PERSPECTIVES OF CHILD ABUSE AND NEGLECT – WORLD TENDENCIES

Summary/Abstract: Over the last 40 years of public and academic history of child abuse and neglect, some progress has been made. There is major advance in the field of child maltreatment that can be recognized in epidemiology, definitions, etiology, magnitude, consequences, treatment and prevention. The child maltreatment phenomenon in its different forms: physical, emotional, sexual abuse and neglect is today prevalent in all societies and is more common than its first explorers ever imagined. Recent studies have highlighted the co-occurrence of different types of child abuse and the importance of being a witness of interpersonal violence between parents. Another advance has been the recognition and distinction of some particular forms of abuse. Long-term studies of child maltreatment have shown that it is not just a childhood problem, but it has an important effect on adult functioning in such areas as physical health, mental health, using substances, interpersonal relationship, crime and parenthood. Moreover, there is some evidence indicating that child abuse affects brain development and these changes are irreparable. The development of the ecological model in etiology of child abuse and neglect has provided a useful framework both for understanding the multi-faced nature of the problem and for organization of prevention on different levels, so current prevention efforts are recommended to be universal, selected and indicated interventions.

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