XIX a. antrosios pusės Prūsijos Lietuvos protestantų knygos su giesmių melodijomis skaitmenimis
Protestant Books with the Melodies of Hymns in Numerical Notation in Prussian Lithuania in te Second Half of the nineteenth Century

Summary/Abstract: In Prussian Lithuania, several religious works were published in Lithuanian in the second half of the nineteenth century, in which the melodies of hymns were marked not in the traditional way, but in numbers and other conventional graphic symbols. The introduction of numerical notation should be linked to Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi’s (1746–1827) pedagogical attitudes and changes in the educational system of the Kingdom of Prussia. These changes were driven by changing attitudes towards the education of young people from the lower social stratum. Elementary schools and teachers’ seminaries were paying more attention to the musical education of young people. The aim of this article is to identify, register, and describe the hymnbooks of Prussian Lithuanian schools and surinkimai (home-prayer service) as well as other Protestant books published in Prussian Lithuania in the second half of the nineteenth century, in which the melodies of hymns are given in numbers. The article presents the reconstruction of a number of melodies and their transcription in modern musical notation. The melodies reconstructed are those to which the compilers of the books added musical explanations. The largest number of melodies of religious hymns is recorded in the school hymnal 64 Gieſmes, Sʒuilēms iß Gieſmjû=Knygû ißſkirtos (1856 and later editions) by Karl Wilhelm Otto Glogau (1805–1875), the bishop of Tilsit. Nine melodies are included in the collection of hymns Naujos Nobaʒnos Giesmes (1860) by Mikelis Šapalas (1827–1884), a teacher at the Lankupiai school. Two melodies each were included in the surinkimininkai hymnbook Wiſókios naujos Gieſmes arba Ewangēlißki Pſalmai (1864 and 1868), Ißganimas Tikincʒiojo, kurio Sʒirdije Ieʒus gywen [1877], translated by Frydrichas Matukaitis, and the almanac Deßimtas Suſikalbejimas apie Pirmparagawima Amʒinos Gywatos (~1878), compiled by Janis Piklapis. One melody each was published in Johann Ferdinand Kelch’s (1801–1877) Gieſmeles apie Ewangelios Praplatinima tarp Ʒydu ir Pagonu (1863 and later editions), Koks yr’ Ʒmogaus Mirims be Kriſtaus, koks jo Mirims per Kriſtu bey ſu Kriſtumi? (~1872 and later editions), and in Matukaitis’s translation of Baźnicźią ant Ulôs kurtą (1877).

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