Варианты инвариативности в формальных и региональных онтологиях
The variety of invariance in formal and regional ontologies

Summary/Abstract: The paper examines the invariance principles proposed by the analytical and phenomenological traditionsfor demarcating the boundaries of formal and regional ontologies. The principle of invariancewith respect to isomorphic transformations, generalizing Alfred Tarski’s criterion for logical concepts,is extended to formal ontology as the theory of manifolds in its phenomenological interpretation. Isomorphismtypes, which are abstract individuals of the highest order, hypostases of forms of all possibleontologies, are considered as model-theoretical analogs of manifolds. The correlativity of the phenomenologicalprinciples of demarcation of ontological regions and the criterion of invariance with respectto isomorphic transformations is demonstrated, leading to the convergence of logic and formalmathematics in both traditions and, at the same time, to the exclusion of geometry from formal ontology.Particular attention is paid to the discussion of the analytical and phenomenological traditionsof the synthetic (material) a priori and the contribution that Wittgenstein’s doctrine on internal relationsat different stages of its evolution makes to this discussion. The paper reveals the basis for laterWittgenstein’s criticism of his earlier project of creating a phenomenological language for expressinginternal regional relations (such as the colours exclusion). The paper shows how Wittgenstein’s doubtsabout the possibility of an ideal notation based on the dichotomy of the logical and phenomenologicalled him to the study of invariants arising in language games. These invariants are not determined bythe special properties of the categorical objects of formal ontology or the structures of regional subjectmatter, but are stable equilibria generated by the “consensus of actions.” New perspectives are outlinedthat are opened for logic and phenomenology by switching focus from the invariants of ontologicalstructures to the invariants of structured interactions of various agents.

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