Działalność społeczno-gospodarcza i polityczna Polaków na Wołyniu, Podolu i Kijowszczyźnie w latach 1864–1914. Wprowadzenie do problematyki
Socio-economic and political activity of Poles in Volhynia, Podolia and Kiev region in 1864–1914. Introduction to the issues

Summary/Abstract: This study revolves around selected aspects of the activity of the Polish community in the Kiev,Podolia and Volyn governorates in 1864–1914. Questions have been asked about the activitiesnature, scope, directions and conditions, as well as the numbers and social background of thePoles involved in work for the benefit of the country. The extent of Polish socio-economic andpolitical work in Russia at the time largely depended on the policy of the Tsarist authoritiestowards the local Poles. The efforts made were indicative of their real aspirations and servednot only to save Polish property, but also to maintain the national awareness of the Polishcommunity in Russia. After the October Manifesto was proclaimed, the efforts resulted ina number of cultural, educational and publishing initiatives, coupled with the establishmentof organisations and associations, and the pursuit of political activity. Interestingly, they werea consequence of the sometimes isolated efforts for the benefit of the country before 1905.After the First Russian Revolution, on the other hand, they evolved into an arena for UkrainianPoles to express their aspirations. Their elites sought, among other things, to restore their dueposition in the social hierarchy based on their status and economic power.

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