NATO w 2023 roku: na początku nadzieje, na końcu frustracja
NATO in 2023: Hopeful beginnings and frustrating conclusions

Summary/Abstract: The chapter discusses NATO’s functioning in 2023. It begins with an analysis of the Alliance’s strategic environment and trends that were the main factors and drivers of NATO development last year, with special attention given to the war in Ukraine, growing Russian pressure on other states in Europe (i.e. Moldova), as well as internal political processes in member states, particularly Turkey and the USA. The chapter also describes the functioning of NATO in the first half of the year, before its Vilnius summit, analyzing primarily the allies’ efforts in supporting Ukraine in its fight against the Russian aggression, the measures adopted to strengthen NATO deterrence and defense capabilities, as well as the course of the enlargement process and Finland’s accession. The next section is devoted to the Vilnius summit and an analysis of its main results, including the reorganization of NATO-Ukraine relations, updating defense plans of the Alliance, and the progress in talks on Sweden’s accession. The last subchapter presents NATO’s functioning after the Vilnius summit, focusing on the problems in organization of the assistance to Ukraine, further implementation of steps directed to expand NATO deterrence and defense capabilities, but also discussing the developments in NATO operational activities and cooperation with partners. In the concluding part, the chapter offers a short assessment of NATO performance in 2023 and some prognosis of the future evolution of the cooperation within the organization.

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