Wędrując przez Mrok i Śmierć – Iwan IV Groźny buduje Nową Jerozolimę
Wandering through Darkness and Death – Ivan IV the Terrible Builds a New Jerusalem

Summary/Abstract: Pavel Lungin’s film „Tsar“ tells the story of Tsar Ivan the Terrible and his policy. The ruler, while striving to solidify his power, seeks to secure salvation for himself. The tsar builds a monastery-palace, a New Jerusalem, to dwell there with Christ following the Parousia and the Last Judgement. The film was inspired by historiography on Ivan the Terrible and an attempt at universalizing a study on secular and spiritual power by making references to the Bible, and the Book of Revelation in particular. Tsar Ivan’s deeds, as shown in the film, can be interpreted as acts of a madman of God, heretic, or a power-hungry and bloodthirsty madman.

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