Трудният път след Илинден. Активи и пасиви в екзархийската дейност
The hard road after Ilinden. Assets and liabilities in the Exarchate's activity

Summary/Abstract: The current article examines the consequences and trends in foreign and domestic policy, caused by one of the most significant events in the National liberation movement of Macedonian and Thracian Bulgarians after the Berlin Congress - the Ilinden-Preobrazhenie Uprising of 1903. The question has been repeatedly raised whether it is a defeat based on its brutal suppression, or whether it is more important for the fate of the Bulgarian population in Macedonia. This is the source of my current thoughts, specifically related to the topic of this scientific forum - crises as catharsis. What are the real consequences, what place does this province occupy in the field of European politics in the Balkans and what new lines are being drawn in it, is there continuity and an upgrade in some spheres of public life - church, education, etc., how the Exarchate is healing the wounds inflicted on it and restores its organizational network and activities in places. At the same time, the question arises about the mistakes that inevitably accompany all processes, made mostly by passiveness, poor preparation and neglect of problems. In any case, the uprising was a turning point in the development of the Macedonian question, the way forward of which was marked by many twists and turns. In this complex atmosphere, the Bulgarian Exarchate remains the unavoidable factor on which the Bulgarian population in the European vilayets of the Ottoman Empire relies.

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