STATYSTYKA OPISOWA W NAUKACH SPOŁECZNYCH
DESCRIPTIVE STATISTICS IN THE SOCIAL SCIENCES

Summary/Abstract: The aim of this article was to present and demonstrate the possibilities of using descriptive statistics to present data and describe unpredictable dynamic phenomena. Reading articles in the social sciences, we can quite often notice that research methodology remains on the margins of the scientifi c workshop, is an ignored factor that authors approach with a slight level of embarrassment. There is a trend in most of the scientifi c mainstream towards the use of surveys, which is a good thing, but the very way in which their results are presented in many scientifi c publications based on loosely related graphical characteristics, in which the authors quite often present the data without even setting up a null hypothesis, is an inappropriate approach and deviates from the correct workshop of a scientifi c worker. The presented article raises the problem of interpreting the obtained results and illustrates the basic statistical procedure that should accompany the analysis of the obtained data. Moreover, the problem of selecting participants for the study and methods of controlling factors potentially disturbing the results were taken into account.

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