Głosy Europy. Dźwięk w intermedialnych wcieleniach poematu Anatola Sterna
Voices of “Europa:” Sound in Intermedial Incarnations of Anatol Stern’s Poem

Summary/Abstract: The article analyzes sound arrangements in intermedial incarnations of Anatol Stern’savant-garde poem “Europa.” To this end, the article examines two different interwareditions of the poem: the first edition in Reflektor in 1925 and the 1929 edition byMieczysław Szczuka and Teresa Żarnower. Moreover, the article includes three filmsinspired by the poem: the 1931–1932 Europa by Franciszka and Stefan Themerson,rediscovered in 2019, the Themersons’ 1983 reconstruction of the lost film, and EuropaII by Piotr Zarębski, a 1988 reconstruction of the 1930s film. Furthermore, the articleconsiders the 1976 outdoor spectacle by Akademia Ruchu. Each work organizes thesound layer differently, but the relationship between sound, image, and silence remainssignificant. This relationship connects to the poem’s arrangement in terms of versificationand typography as well as its intermedial history in many ways. The article introduces newor modified terms: intermedial chain, vocal juxtaposition, visual silence, and modalityof perception.

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