XV. VE XVI. YÜZYIL OSMANLI TARİH YAZICILARINA GÖRE ALTIN ORDA
THE GOLDEN HORDE: ACCORDING TO OTTOMAN HISTORIOGRAPHERS IN XV. AND XVI. CENTURIES

Summary/Abstract: The State of the Golden Horde has been an authoritarian power in the Desht-i Qipchaq area with its military, political, and commercial policies, continuing its dominance in this geography between the 13th and 15th centuries. Batu Khan founded the Golden Horde State and ruled over many peoples including the Kpçak, Bulgarians, Russians, and Germans. He creates an order for the survival of the state without abandoning the Mongolian traditions. Berke Khan, who took the throne of the Golden Horde after Batu, extends the dominion of the khanate even further by maintaining the existing order. In addition, Berke, the first Muslim khan of the Golden Horde, illuminated Desht-i Qipchaq with the light of Islam. Thanks to his great heart and power, Canibek Khan saves the people of Tabriz from the persecution of Melik Esref and ensures peace here. Toktamis Khan's misfortune is that he came face to face with Timur. The wars that lasted for many years between Toktamish and Timur ended with the defeats that Toktamish. Timur burns and destroys lands in the Golden Horde. Thus, the process of the collapse of the Golden Horde begins. The Tatars, who managed to get rid of Timur's wrath, settled in Filibe under the the leadership of the Ottoman sultan Yildirim Bayezid. While the khans of the Golden Horde once patronized the Seljuk sultans of Turkey, the situation has now reversed. On the one hand, there is the Golden Horde, which has entered the process of collapse, and on the other hand, there is the Ottoman State, which has grown and strengthened. Unfortunately, political, economic and socio-cultural relations between the two states cannot be fully established. For this reason, information about the Golden Horde State remains limited in the works of early Ottoman historiographers.

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