Предпосылки развития психолингвистики в Европе (анализ работ немецких ученых Антона Марти и Карла Бюлера)
Prerequisites for the Development of Psycholinguistics in Europe (Analysis of the Works of German Scientists Anton Marty and Karl Buhler)

Summary/Abstract: Psycholinguistics appeared at the interface of two «oldest» sciences - psychology and linguistics - and became one of the main linguistic sciences in a relatively short period. The need for scientific knowledge of the nature of human mental intellectual activity determined the emergence of this new science. As part of the synchronous study of language in the twentieth century, many original concepts were put forward based on a psychological understanding of the nature of the object of linguistics. The theoretical significance of the work is that, for the first time, it describes in detail the concepts of A. Marty and K. Buehler in terms of influence on the formation of modern psycholinguistics. The works of the German linguist Anton Marti, who is devoted to the problem of the emergence of language, are considered. In his scientific works, Anton Marti calls language «any sign of mental processes». Thus, an analysis of the development of psycholinguistic thought is made. Also, a vision of the main problems of modern psycholinguistics associated with language use in speech communication and individual speech-thinking activity is proposed. The article reveals the scientific prerequisites and the main trends in the development of modern psycholinguistics, its methods, current problems, and achievements – a description of the mechanisms of speech, linguistic personality, etc. and shows the methodological foundations and historical continuity of the teachings of linguists. The works of A. Marti, K. Buhler, etc., are consecrated in terms of the significance of their views for today's understanding of the same scientific problems.

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