КОММУНИКАТИВНЫЕ СТРАТЕГИИ НАРРАТИВНОГО ДИСКУРСА В СКАЗКАХ ОЛОНEЦКОЙ ГУБЕРНИИ, ЗАПИСАННЫХ А. А. ШАХМАТОВЫМ
COMMUNICATIVE STRATEGIES OF NARRATIVE DISCOURSE IN THE TALES OF THE OLONETS PROVINCE RECORDED BY A. A. SHAKHMATOV

Summary/Abstract: The article examines the narrative and non-narrative strategies of the storytelling in the fairy tales of the Olonets Province recorded by A. A. Shakhmatov in 1884 and published in the compilation of N. Onchukov in 1908. At that time, the most advanced techniques of written representation of oral speech were used, which ensured its accurate fixation, and this enabled the modeling of the communicative context in which the fairy tales were told. The novelty of this study lies in its assertion that, in A. A. Shakhmatov’s presentation, the fairy tale operates not only as a straightforward narrative following the conventions of oral folk narrative tradition but also as a multifaceted act of communication involving the narrator, the audience (or collector), the story’s characters, and some forces external both to the characters and the narrator. This study identifies non-narrative strategies such as explanatory amplifications used by the informants, direct appeals to the audience (or collector), and a complex set of introductory phrases. In contrast, narrative strategies encompass various elements, including the verbal characterization of the narrative’s heroes, polylogues, the characters’ “inner speech”, “double narration”, and “feedback interactions” with God and deceased characters, etc. The relevance of revisiting the written heritage of the past stems from an acknowledgment of the intricate nature of folklore texts. This complexity demands a diverse array of methods for analysis, broadening our understanding of the term “text”, contextualizing it within the framework of storytelling, and merging the concepts of “folklore genre” and “speech genres” into the understanding of folklore as a traditional yet uniquely personal perspective on the world and human’s place within it. The findings of this study underscore the importance of A. A. Shakhmatov’s contributions to the challenging endeavor of transcribing verbal creativity into written form, merging collective folklore principles with individual expressions, and illuminating the intricate characteristics of narrative discourse as it unfolds. These insights ultimately contribute to expanding foundational concepts of the text theory.

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