THE STATE OF RUSSIAN OPPOSITION IN TIMES OF WAR IN UKRAINE
THE STATE OF RUSSIAN OPPOSITION IN TIMES OF WAR IN UKRAINE

Summary/Abstract: The main aim of the article is to analyse the concept of the Russian opposition before andafter the outbreak of the war in Ukraine. We establish how and why the Russian oppositionhas been changing in the last decades.The article is divided into three parts. In the first part a phenomenon of the Russian op-position is showed. The second part is the analysis of the evolution of the Russian oppositionsince 1990s. The third part presents the composition of the Russian opposition in 2022 andits reaction to the war in Ukraine.We hypothesize that Putin’s regime has been constantly combating and weakening theopposition in Russia in recent years. As a result, in modern Russia the systemic opposition isno longer existent and the non-systemic one is fragmented, chaotic and almost entirely out-side the Russian Federation. What is more, the outbreak of the war in Ukraine, has no impacton strengthening the Russian opposition and creating cooperation between its main factionsand the oppositionists do not speak with one voice. The article consists of the diagnosis ofthe contemporary Russian opposition, showing its structure and pointing out its weaknesses.The article is based on desk research, historical method, institutional approach, and com-parative analysis.

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