ЗА ЕДИН ТИП ВОКАЛНИ ОТНОШЕНИЯ В РУСКИ ГЛАГОЛНО-ИМЕННИ ОБРАЗУВАНИЯ
ON ONE TYPE OF VOCALIC RELATIONS IN RUSSIAN VERB-NOUN FORMATIONS

Summary/Abstract: A special type of vocalic relations, unique to Russian, has developed in a small fragment of the lexicon including verbs such as *myti ‘to wash’, *kryti ‘to cover’, *nyti ‘to whine’: an infinitive with a lengthened root vowel which correlates with the vowel in the Present-tense stem (мою ‘I wash’, крою ‘I cover’, ною ‘I whine’, etc.). This vocalism is preserved in derivatives such as pl. помои ‘slop’, заноить ‘to bemoan; to beg’, etc. In the scholarly literature these relations are often erroneously equated to the derivation involving the alternation e : o observed in *biti ‘to beat’ : *bojь ‘battle’, *gniti ‘to rot’ : *gnojь ‘pus’. Most authors do not take into account the fact that the difference in the root vocalism of the studied verbs stems from a reflex of the ultrashort reduced vowels in a position before -j, which is unique to Russian. The author corroborates these findings by analysing Russian dialect words such as закрóй ‘window shutter’, тоúть(ся) ‘to get fat’, затрóи pl. ‘fun, joke, design, intention’, плóйма ‘a large amount of something’, кой, коёк ‘a wooden hammer; a type of staff’, etc., which illustrate the same type of vocalic relations.

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