Klasyczna kultura arabsko-muzułmańska. Zagadnienia podstawowe
CLASSICAL ARABO-ISLAMIC CULTURE. BASIC ISSUES

Summary/Abstract: The article begins with an attempt to defi ne the concept of Arabic and Islamic culture. Therefore its main purpose is to present the beginnings of Islam, Islamic community (umma) and the basic elements of Islamic faith and their nature. The most signifi cant feature of the Arab-Islamic culture is its strong connection with the Islamic law – sharia, based on the Koran and Sunna. For this reason the presentation of its principles takes an important place in this text. The Islamic law determines all sides of this civilisation in macro and micro scale. It plays a crucial role in the development of the state, but also in the behavior of the ordinary man. The other point of interest in this article is the development of sciences in the Islamic world in the classical period. The classical or Medieval Arabo-Islamic culture developed subsequently in a specific way. The reevaluation of this development is currently an important axis of analyses in Arabic and Islamic studies.

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