ТРАДИЦИОННЫЕ МУЗЫКАЛЬНЫЕ ИНСТРУМЕНТЫ УДМУРТОВ: ОПЫТ СЦЕНИЧЕСКОГО ВОПЛОЩЕНИЯ
TRADITIONAL MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS OF THE UDMURTS: THE EXPERIENCE OF STAGE PERFORMANCE

Summary/Abstract: Contemporary ethnoorganology pays special attention to the study of traditional musical instruments of various ethnic groups in the context of related sciences such as ethnography, ethnomusicology, anthropology, archeology ,and cultural studies. The study of a wide range of issues related to the traditional use of tools includes, among other things, consideration of its current state. Today, the instrumental tradition is undergoing changes. This is especially true for performance practice, as instruments move from their original environment to the stage, leading to significant and minor transformations. It was this aspect that became the basis for the presented research on the instrumental culture of the Udmurts. The focus is on four instruments that, due to their special significance in the Udmurt tradition, deserve special attention: krez (helmet-shaped gusli), kubyz (three-stringed bowed instrument), uzygumy (longitudinal overtoneflute), and chipchirgan (natural longitudinal pipe). As the published and expedition materials show, all these instruments have lost their traditional function, but they have found a new life on stage. Being acoustic in nature, they require sound amplification using additional technical means that do not always accurately convey their timbral coloring. This prompted the Udmurt master and performer, Evgeny Bikuzin, to create an electronic-sounding kubyz. The instrumentst hemselves and the repertoire of the performed works also undergo changes depending on the tasks of the performer or the team. These changes relate to the shape of instruments (e. g., kubyz or pyzhkrez) as well as the playing techniques(e. g., krez). The biggest transformations today are observed in women learning to play traditionally “male” musical instruments (e. g., kubyz, uzygumy or chipchirgan).

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