Człowiek w hierarchii stworzeń w polskiej filozofii średniowiecznej
A man in the hierarchy of creatures in Polish medieval philosophy

Summary/Abstract: Determining of the human place in the structure (hierarchy) of the beings is a vital element of every anthropological reflection. In medieval philosophy a human being as concurrently corporeal and spiritual was interposed between the world of purely corporeal beings – animals and purely spiritual – angels. In this connection a lot was written about ambivalence of human nature by Polish medieval thinkers. They emphasized that a human being can be similar to both animals and angels. However, due to the fact that soul is more important than body, they should try to become similar to angels. Nevertheless, in Polish philosophy severe criticism of human corporality never occurred. Reflections on the human nature characterized the way of human existing in paradise, on the earth and formerly in Heaven (eschatology).

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