Kézművesek és kézművescsaládok Tornán a 19. században I.
Artisans and Artisan Families in Market Town Torna in the Nineteenth Century I.

Summary/Abstract: This article presents the first findings of a local community research. In addition to a critical analysis of the different sources and a detailed presentation of the methodology used for the reconstruction of the group of artisans, it also presents a few conclusions based on the comparative use of quantitative sources. The first part of the analysis is based on nominal record linkage of personal data in various quantitative archive sources and is aimed at determining the number of people living mainly or at least partly on handicraft. In the course of local research the author used various listings of artisans (within and outside guilds) from 1852 and the nominal registers of the 1857 and 1869 censuses as main source types. In between these three static cross-sections (1852, 1857 and 1869), the parish registers as main supplementary source could be used to create a nominal link with the census registers and to achieve a dynamic analysis. With the help of the registration of domestic animals (1857, 1869) and the nominative cadastral land-registers (1884) the connection between handicraft and landownership could have been examined. After the multi-source identification of craftsmen, it became clear that the employment nomenclature of 1857 census can be used to only a limited extent and with great caution because of its feudal character. In the course of the census the primary ranging principle was based on the status of land and house ownership (Grundbesitzer-colonus, Haus- und Rentenbesitzer-inquilinus, Taglöhner~subinquilinus) independently on the real employment. In the coming second part of the analysis the author will examine the continuity and change of the artisan-families in the society of the market town and the organisation of their households.

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