Sovietsko-americké súperenie na Blízkom východe v polovici 50. rokov
The Soviet-American rivalry in the Near East in mid-fifties 20th Century

Summary/Abstract: In the period after the Suez Crisis of 1956 the United States and USSR competed for control in Syria. However, the Suez Crisis provided also the decisive boost to Egypt’s position of Arab leadership. Sensitive of regional and international rivalries, Syrian politicians have tended to identify with the various contenders in their own struggle for power in Damascus. It should be remembered that Syrians have usually been in the vanguard of Arab nationalism. The „Syrian Crisis“ of 1957 was primarily the result of US apprehension over the nationalist, neutralist, and apparently pro-soviet direction in which Syria had moved during the mid-1950s. The United States, its NATO ally (and Syria’s neighbour) Turkey, and the pro-Western Arab governments in the region were all concerned about the developments in Syria. The United States attempted to prod its regional allies to take action to deflect Syria from its apparent leftward drift. Syria became a major topic of discussion at the annual meeting of the United Nations in the autumn of 1957, with the United States dourly warning of the dangers of Soviet expansion in the Middle East and the Soviets responding with accusations about aggressive US intentions toward Syria.

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