Rola dyskursu ideologicznego w mobilizacji ludobójczej w XX wieku
The Role of Ideological Discourse in Genocidal Mobilization in the XX Century

Summary/Abstract: Aside from it being a crime, genocide is a very important subject of social sciences. The aim of the paper is to prove the thesis, that ideological discourses (not: ideologies) are an important part of genocidal mobilization. Ideological discourse establishes not only cultural myths (the codes of popular culture) that define what is normal in social life, but also institutions, habituses, social roles, etc. Therefore discourse plays direct and indirect role in mobilization. This article is based on critical discourse analysis theory, historical sociology paradigm and genocide studies. Legal definition of genocide does not easily lend itself to empirical and historical research. Therefore the author proposes the new definition of genocide and the list of genocides. There are seven main ideological discourses, which spurred genocidal mobilization in the XX century: (1)nationalist discourse, (2) Realpolitik discourse, (3) racist discourse, (4) medical/epidemiological discourse, (5) fundamentalist religious discourse, (6) conspiracy discourse and (7) discourse of usefulness and parasitism. These discourses are constructed as social texts and immediately translated into social constructs. The paper explores these discourses, that were crucial for the formation of modern genocides.

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