Nemiri u upravnoj tranziciji (Od uprave kao instrumenta vladavine do uprave kao javne službe)
Challenges Of Government Reconstruction: Turbulence In Administrative Transition

Summary/Abstract: Modern administrative systems derive from a relatively nondifferentiated state organizational structure of the absolutistic states of the seventeenth century. Reactions against the administration as the monarch's "personal instrument of government" were inspired by the doctrines of the separation of powers and realized by revolutions at the end of the eighteenth century in Europe and America. However, as the administration steadily became an equal partner in the division of powers, the previous view of the administration as a "suspicious instrument of the monarch" started radically to change. Today, the experience of developed countries indicate that an administrative system cannot be conceived as an "instrument" or "apparatus" (e.g. of the ruling class), nor can a modern administrative system be projected only as a legalistic normative model of structures and procedures (i.e. administrative agencies and the administrative process). Administrative models that are common to the developed countries (particularly in Europe) derive from the concept of the administration's social function. Under the conditions of a developed material and cultural social environment, state and government "transform" from an instrument of power and repression into an organization with a social function of rendering public services (e.g. education, medical care, scientific research and development, environmental protection, economic development, etc.) to citizens and other subjects in the social environment and protecting human rights. After the fall of the Berlin Wall in 1989, many former communist countries are going through a period of social and political turbulence that, inter alia, reflect on their administrative systems. The situation varies from country to country. References to the state of affairs of the administration in Yugoslavia (Serbia and Montenegro) are also given.

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