Transformácia ekonomiky a adaptácia podnikovej sféry na trhové podmienky - teória a prax
ECONOMY TRANSFORMATION AND ADAPTATION OF ENTERPRISE SPHERE TO MARKET CONDITIONS

Summary/Abstract: During the hitherto implemented course of transformation many new problems have been opened in the enterprising sphere. These problems deserve due attention. Scientific circles at the beginning of the transformation process already anticipated many of those problems. That anticipation emerged from the neo-classic theory. In spite of the fact that many premises really came true, while confronting the whole course of transformation one arrived to the conclusion that neo-classic theory is insuffi-cient not only for the theory of enterprising sphere transformation, but comes short of the theoretic generalisation of the economic transformation as well. Neo-classic theory is limited also in its practical contribution, and its availability at the formation of the economic policy concept. The cause of this limitation is above all the fact, that neo-classic theory is oriented rather at partial questions and transformation process demands complex analysis. Neo-classic economy, however, can serve as a certain impulse, or a starting point for the theory of enterprising sphere transformation and its adjustment to market conditions. Besides, transformation of the enterprising sphere has not only economic aspects, yet is accompanied by radical changes of political system and its institutions. The relation “government v. market” belongs to basic theoretical questions of the transformation. Their mutual relation as well as their influence on the enterprising sphere naturally changes during the transformation process. Even though neo-liberal theories reject any state interference into the enterprising sphere it is undisputable that such an assumption cannot be applied during the whole transformation period. As the adaptability of transitional economies is limited, and their approximation towards the developed economies is restricted, the need of government intervention into the formation of market economy is beyond dispute. The government should above all set the rules and create attractive environment for domestic and foreign investors. The second, not less important question is the implementation of the transformation model, e.g. the question of the rate of reform: shock therapy or gradual approach. The answer to this question is not unequivocal either. Actually some even suggest that the rate is unimportant. The change of the economic system into a market one is by no means one-shot act leading immediately to the western prosperity. On the other side gradual approach has its limits too. This discussion results into the conclusion, that relations between cited polarities should not enter extreme standpoints.

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