PRACTICA SCRISULUI ÎN MEDIUL FAMILIILOR NOBILIARE. REGISTRUL DE SOCOTELI AL MAGISTRULUI NICOLAE (MAI-IUNIE 1372)
WRITING IN NOBLE FAMILIES. MASTER NICOLAE’S ACCOUNT BOOK (MAY-JUNE 1372)

Summary/Abstract: This study explores the issue of literacy in Medieval Hungary on the basis of one document alone – Master Nicolae’s account book kept between April 28 and June 20, 1372. Master Nicolae worked under the administrator (possibly the Vice Governor) of the Timis County – the former Lord of Bulgaria, Benedict Himfi. This study analyzes how the account book was written, how information was organized and for whom the book had been created. A key question that arises regards the moment when nobles became literate. The mid 16th century had previously been regarded as the time when nobles were generally required to read and write. Recent discoveries have shown that nobles gradually became accustomed to using juristic acts and to exchanging private letters in the 14th century already. Master Nicolae’s document proves the necessity of bookkeeping at the Timis County Court. It also implies that bookkeeping must have been of key importance for nobles with vast domains. Master Nicolae’s account book is unique and was created on the occasion of a feast given in the king’s honor. After having examined how it the book was organized and what entries it contained, it became clear that Master Nicolae entered only part of the income and expenses of the Timis County Court. The payments made while Master Nicolae was away were also partially entered. That is why the account book does not allow a precise evaluation of Benedict Himfi’s incomes.

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