FOURTH CATARACT. EXCAVATIONS AT ES-SADDA AND HAGAR EL-BEIDA, SURVEY BETWEEN ES-SADDA AND SHEMKHIYA: TWO SEASONS OF WORK IN 2005
FOURTH CATARACT. EXCAVATIONS AT ES-SADDA AND HAGAR EL-BEIDA, SURVEY BETWEEN ES-SADDA AND SHEMKHIYA: TWO SEASONS OF WORK IN 2005

Summary/Abstract: The first season of excavations on the concession of the Polish Centre of Mediterranean Archaeology of the University of Warsaw in the Fourth Cataract region took place in January–March 2005; the sites investigated were the tumuli fields at Es-Sadda 1 and Hagar el-Beida 1, 2 and 3. The archaeological survey of the area around Es-Sadda and Hagar el-Beida villages was continued, identifying two new sites in Es-Sadda and 14 in Hagar el-Beida. This was coupled with ethnological and geological surveys of the region. The team returned in the autumn to complete another season of work. Excavations at the es-Sadda 1 and Hagar el-Beida 2 sites were continued, and Hagar el-Beida 11 was tested. A detailed survey of es-Sadda and Hagar el-Beida was continued, identifying another 23 sites (Es-Sadda 13-33, Hagar el-Beida 39-40). Eight more sites in Gamamiya and seven more in Shemkhiya were discovered while the team commuted between Hagar el-Beida and Shemkiya. The sites (described here in short reports and in a site gazetteer) date predominantly from the Neolithic, Kerma horizon(?) and Post Meroitic(?) periods but also from the Palaeolithic, Napata, Christian and Islamic periods.

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