Contribuţii la istoria domniei principelui Radu I şi a alcătuirii teritoriale a Ţării Româneşti în secolul al XIV-lea
CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE HISTORY OF THE REIGN OF PRINCE RADU I AND THE TERRITORIAL COMPOSITION OF WALLACHIA IN THE FOURTEENTH CENTURY

Summary/Abstract: The study presents the first document issued from the chancellary of the prince Radu 1th of Wallachia (about 1374-1384/1385), discovered in Roumanian translation in a roll (no. 209) of Cozia monastery from the 18th century, conserved at the Romanian National Archives – Bucharest. This document is a donation for the monastery of the great lake C􀄃b􀄃lul and the surrounding territories in the Ialomitza morrast, i.e. the inner Danubian delta, an evidence of the appartenence of this region to the Wallachian principality and in the same time of the incorporation of the former despoteia of Durostorum-Vicina in the Romanian state. From this document the study restitutes the etapes of the development to East of the Principality of Wallachia during the 14th century in the context of the presence on the Law Danube of the Golden Horde under the khans Toqta, Ozbeq (1312-1341) and 􀃶yani beq. A turning point of this period was the conquest arround 1340 of Vicina by the Mongolians and their plan to invade and storm Constantinople and the Straits in 1341 (the document was discovered by the late Vitalien Laurent). Even if the great plan aborted by the death of Ozbeq, the Mongolian presence at Vicina on the Danube, 200 miles in amont from the Danube Delta, according the Italian Compasso da Navigare (second half of 13th century), was considered a menace by the Romanian prince Basarab 1st (about 1316-1351/52) and he decided to joint the Hungarian-Polish crusade in the East (summer 1344). From this time Wallachian reconquest reach the Ialomitza river but was blocked there by the Hungarian territorial corridor, between South-East Carpathian to Danube, from Ialomitza to Sereth, created by the king Louis 1st d’Anjou, and covered by the Milcovian catholic bishopric (1347). After the Romanian victory in the war against Hungary (1368-1369) the joined forces of Wallahian principality and the despoteia of Dobrotitza (1348- 1384/85) conquered the territories of the former bishopric of Milcovia, the domain of Chilia city, and simultanously the North Dobroudja (1369-1372). The Genoese authority was confined in the Danube Delta backed on Lycostomo castle. The evidence of these territorial changes is sustained by the documents of the Patriarchat of Constantinople. During the Chioggia war these achievements were contested by a Hungarian-Genoese alliance, but after king Louis’ death (1382) the despoteia of Dristor-Vicina (discovered by the late archaeologue Petre Diaconu) was incorporated in the Wallahian principality, under prince Radu 1st.

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