Imnul, componentă a naţionalismului ca „religie a suferinţei”
The Anthem, a Component of Nationalism. As “A Religion of Suffering”

Summary/Abstract: As a cultural heritage, official anthems are expressions of national legitimations and also ‘places of memory’. Most of them acquired the status of patriotic songs in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, and after that they would become official hymns. Their status was determined by the affirmation of national identity and by the change of the political regimes. As a literary and religious inspiration solemn song (in some cases this quality was preserved), the official anthem praises historic personalities, it invokes the deity or national spirit and assists in the representation of the country, in the creation and strengthening of national solidarity. The reimagining of national identity after 1989 implied that Eastern Europe – who recently joined the European Union – would know the process of ‘reasseambling’ identitary mythologies and projects. An example is the exclusive perception that Hungarian and Romanian ultra-nationalists have on „their own” Transylvania. Thus, especially during commemorative events, they reactivate patriotic songs originating in folklore, extremist interwar songs or some rock and hip-hop oldies, that kind of ‘alternate’ ultra-nationalist songs with the meaning of revange or pointing to an anti-European attitude.

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