iA las barricadas! Španělský anarchismus 1845-1939: Činnost a sebereflexe antisystémového hnutí v měnících se podmínkách
iA las barricadas! Spanish Anarchism between 1845 and 1939: The activities and self-reflection of anti-systemic movement in a changing world

Summary/Abstract: The article focuses on the role of anarchism in the Spanish society and particularly in the Spanish Civil War, which has been reflected within the Czech society predominantly from a point of view influenced by the Communist lnternational or the Catholic Church. The paper explores the roots of Spanish anarchism, from the first Proudhonists and especially the Spanish section of the lnternational Workers' Association (the First lnternational). lt subsequently describes the development leading to the foundation of the CNT, the influence of the Russian Revolution, the disputes regarding revolutionary polities, the discussion of the organisation of a future society, the debate on the role of women and the foundation of Mujeres Libres. Particular attention is given to the polities of anarchists in the Spanish Civil War. ln the context, the article deals with the role of anarchism in the socio-economic organisation of anti-fascist Spain, the participation of anarchists in the war effort and especially their part in the Spanish politics of the period, including their very problematic participation in government. The activities that Spanish anarchism developed and could be hardly avoided under the given circumstances significantly changed the character of the movement and have rise to certain elements of authoritarianism. Despite its military defeat and the fact that after its renewal Spanish anarchism did not recover its former strength, it is still influential within the contemporary anarchist movement and thus its discussion represents not only a description of the history of a particular social movement, but also a reflection of a current of political thought.

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