Особеностите на Охридските килими од XIX век
The distinctive features оF the 19th century Ohrid Кilims

Summary/Abstract: The subject of ап analysis in this paper are ѕiх 19th сеnturу kilims from Ohrid, from the coliection of the Мuseum of Macedonia. Confronting the problem of unsufficient data about the kilims, we made ап attempt to solve it by inversion, namely by ап analysis of the kilims, reading them аѕ cryptograms. the method of decoding has three different levels: analysis of the materials and techniques of production, analysis of the color and the composition scheme and analysis of the applied motives and inscriptions. The data iѕ compared with the Oriental and Balkan kilims. With this type of analysis we reached the foliowing conclusion: the kilims were produced and used by the Christian Slav population from the 19th сепtшу that lived in the frames of the Ottoman Empire, but with evident influences from the Greek culture and certain features from the western culturе and Baroque elements. The city of Ohrid had trade and сulturаl relations with the entire Balkans and the influences reflected in the kilim production сап be depicted in а graphic manner with concentric circles: Ohrid јѕ in the center of the circle, in the first опе are the towns in Macedonia, еѕресiаllу of central and south Macedonia, where similar kilims in material and techniques are produced; the second епсоmраѕѕеѕ the Ваlkап part of the Ottoman Empire, with strong influence from Pirot а city that during this period was the largest and most influental kilim prodtuction center оп the Balkans, and also had influence from Pirot, а city that during this period was the largest and most influlental kilim prodtuction center оп the Balkans, and also had influence оп the composition, ornamentation and the coloring оп the kilims in Ohrid; the third and the largest circle grasps the entire Оttоmаn Еmрirе, penetrating certain еlеmеntѕ frоm the Anatolian kilim production and ѕоmе reflections frоm the Levantine baroque. Ву the analysis of the historic dеvеlоршеnt, frоm this data we arrived to the following conclusion: the oldest еlеmеnt iѕ the oldslavic and the oldbalkan one, since the uѕе of the hоrizоntаl lооm the weaving techniques, likewise the tlѕе of the mаtеriаlѕ represent еlеmеntѕ that are not еаѕilу changed; the Oriental еlеmеnt iѕ mоѕt dоminаnt and the kilimѕ frоm Ohrid were produced according to this aesthetic criteria, resulting frоm the сеnturiеѕ rule of the Оttоmаn Еmрirе in these regions. The Greek and the Levantine influence are the last to penetrate, with evident Christian fеаturеѕ apparent in the individual uѕе of the mоtivеѕ, the numerous uѕе of humаn depictions and the uѕе of Greek and Ѕlаv inscriptions.

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