Motyvai, skatinantys moteris siekti aukštojo išsilavinimo, ir įsitraukimo į darbo rinką galimybės
Motives Ehnancing Women To Acquire Higher Education And Intergrate In The Labour Market

Summary/Abstract: Straipsnyje analizuojamas moterų, įgijusių aukštąjį išsilavinimą, įsitvirtinimas darbo rinkoje. Aptariama galimybė įsidarbinti, siekti aukštų pareigų, analizuojama tai, kad moterims vis dar sunku užimti vadovaujamas pareigas pasirinktoje darbo sferoje. Tai lemia daugelis priežasčių, o viena iš pagrindinių yra moters vaidmuo šeimoje ir stereotipinė tiek visuomenės, tiek darbdavių nuomonė apie moterį. Moterų, įgijusių aukštąjį išsilavinimą, yra daugiau nei vyrų, tačiau tiek valstybiniame, tiek privačiajame sektoriuje moterys dažnai užima žemesnes pareigas. Taip pat pastebima, kad vyrų vaidmens didėjimas privačiajame darbo rinkos sektoriuje padidino ir segregaciją pagal lytį. Šių dienų visuomenėje, kurioje darbas laikomas labai svarbia vertybe, moteris siekia derinti pareigas šeimai ir profesinę veiklą. Women’s education does not always ensure them equal opportunities both in education and other labour market sectors. Thus, the apparent problem is that women who have acquired higher education cannot always compete on equal terms with men in occupying high positions and be recognized as equivalent to the representatives of the public. Considering social activities, women are not as active as men, especially in top management structures. They occupy lower positions and work in those areas, where salaries as well as responsibilities are often lower, i.e. women are appointed to fewer managerial positions than men. Thus, there is a vertical and horizontal gender division in labour market sectors. Women are increasingly seeking for managerial positions but it could be stated that in the modern society, where work is considered to be an important value, women encounter more difficulties in pursuing their careers. It is often the case when due to the well-being of the family they have to refuse to progress in their professional activity and to pursue a career. Women’s desire to obtain higher education is determined by learning factors, such as curiosity, creativity and willingness to learn, communicate and become self-independent, stronger than others, to gain a degree. Moreover, women want to learn due to lack of families or an area where people work and fascination with the profession. The research revealed that women’s higher education does not always ensure them equal opportunities in the labour market, because society is still dominated by a stereotypical view of a woman as a guardian of hearth and home, who finds it difficult to reconcile work and family requirements. In Lithuania, labour market is still segregated, especially in the horizontal sense, where labour market sectors dominated by women are poorly paid.

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