The Philosophical-Ethical Problems of Minority Existence and their Possible Theoretical Solutions in the Life of Transylvanian Hungarians after 1920
The Philosophical-Ethical Problems of Minority Existence and their Possible Theoretical Solutions in the Life of Transylvanian Hungarians after 1920

Summary/Abstract: In my study I deal with philosophical and ethical problems of minority existence and their possible theoretical solutions in the life of Transylvanian Hungarians after 1920. The system and classical philosophy (for example Kant) are not able to solve the problems raised by reality. Karoly Böhm was the first systematic philosopher in Hungary, and, impressed the younger generation in Kolozsvár: Sándor Tavaszy, Sándor Makkai, Béla Varga for example. I deal with their works after 1920. The philosophy of Kierkegaard, Spengler, Heidegger and Karl Barth helped Tavaszy to solve the problems on a theoretical level. Mainly in his philosophy after 1920, for him the primary goal was to consider and answer the problems created by life and reality. Makkai paid extra attention to the connections between philosophy, theology and ideology /transylvanism/ plus philosophy and pedagogy reflecting on each other. He wrote about minority existence, the problems of conscience and the problems of consciousness of nationality. Béla Varga devoted the majority of his works to hyparchologia whose central question is ’’how-to-be”. He was impressed by Kant, Husserl, Böhm and Ákos Pauler. Individuality, spirituality, freedom, conscience and the problems of values and morals arise within this system. Intentionality is a basic problem too.

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