KORMÁNYZATI RENDSZEREK KÖZÉP- ÉS KELET-EURÓPÁBAN
GOVERNMENTAL SYSTEMS IN CENTRAL AND EASTERN EUROPE. A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS

Summary/Abstract: The paper seeks an answer to the question of what kinds of governmental systems have emerged in the new Central and East European democracies as shown by the experience of the past twenty years, and how far these systems have promoted the consolidation of the democratic set of institutions and their operation. In addition to describing and comparing the different countries and subregions it is also presented along which background considerations they have chosen the presidential, the semi-presidential or the parliamentary system or a certain combination of these alternatives. Though the analysis of governmental systems requires the traditional institutional approach, the present study moves amidst a broader network. On the one hand, the so-called actor approach is applied which intends to fi nd an answer to why and by what motivations the decisive political actors of the change of system and the process of democratisation have decided for the introduction of a particular governmental system. On the other hand, we study with the help of the neo-institutionalist method of investigation what historical, cultural, political and institutional traditions and customs were behind the choice of institutions by the actors, which also offers an explanation for the survival of certain institutional continuities and continued presence even after the change of the system.

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