Teorie politiky a politická identita - příklad současného feminismu
Theory of politics and political identity – the case of contemporary feminism

Summary/Abstract: The article compares two theoretical concepts of politics: politics of identity and politics of difference. The goal of politics of identity is to represent a single political identity, like the proletarian, ethnic, or sexual one. Feminism of identity wishes to represent all women arguing that every woman experiences oppression. According to Judith Butler, women cannot be fixed by any single sexual identity and female interests cannot be embodied in a unified movement. Therefore, politics of difference should be a preferred form of feminist politics. It is plural, inclusive, not exclusive politics encouraging otherness. Legitimate politics, however, need a political subject. Therefore the concept of the politics of difference is too boundless. A viable compromise between the politics of identity and of difference is coalition politics. Movements representing different subjects can coalesce to press mutual political interests. Coalition can be based on the sartrean concept of seriality elaborated by I. M. Young: “A series is a collective whose members are unified passively by the relation their actions have to material objects and practico-inert histories.” For example, fathers who care for their children are in a series with many women, so they could form a coalition with feminist movements to support their common interests.

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