Sporto istorinė raida: radijo „Свобода“ laidų „Документы прошлого“ turinio analizė
Sport Historical Development: the Analysis of the Programmes Документы прошлого on the Radio Свобода

Summary/Abstract: The results of the scientific literature and empirical research allow to draw conclusions that radio programmes are a valuable source of the research of the history of physical education which helps to highlight the details of historical sport processes and events, to determine their essence and meaning, to complement the understanding of one or another sport fact, their interpretation and critical evaluation involving the extant latest documents or their fragments, stories, discussions. The topics of the content of the programmes Документы прошлого broadcast on the radio Свобода in the first decade of the 21st century disclose the chronological limits of physical education and sport processes in the year 1908–2010. The particularity of sport history is related to political, ideological, and social-cultural changes; essential directions and tendencies are distinguished. All the programmes which were broadcast can be divided according to specific characteristics of the time period under discussion: sport of the czarist Russia, features of the Soviet sport, peculiarities of the post-Soviet sport. The main attention is focused on the analysis of the historical development of the Soviet physical education and sport. The following component parts: problems of Olympic sport, links between sport and politics, directions and tendencies of the sport development, general aspects of sport, negative manifestations of sport, financial, economic transgressions, sport propaganda, topics of repressions in sport etc are presented and emphasized in the content of the programmes. From the point of view of the content, the topics of the programmes are quite universal, many of them include archival sources or document extracts, stories, dialogues, interviews with sport historians, trainers, sport employees, journalists, listeners. The history of the development of sport branches is revealed, the persons who influenced the historical process of sport are determined and evaluated. Numerous texts of archival sources and the attitudes of programme participants reconstruct and make relevant the importance of sport nature in various periods. The establishment of the system of organisation and control highlights the most important features and peculiarities of physical education and sport. In 1923, the period of the mass physical-cultural movement started in the Soviet Union when sport records were formally changed and eliminated and when a Soviet person had to get involved in the mass physical culture, i. e. physical culture and sport were turned into one direction. Around 1930 the sport direction began to separate from the mass direction (physical education), and sport became a part of the advantage of the Soviet system as well as a part of propaganda. The first international meetings, the process of sportsmen’s trainings and education started. Sportsmen of the Soviet Union became professionals from 1930...

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