Nierównowaga finansów publicznych w Polsce w warunkach zmian w strukturze społecznej
Public Finance Imbalance and Changing Social Structure in Poland

Summary/Abstract: The aim of the article is to identify the main causes of budgetary structural imbalance lying in the social structure. The search for determinants of budget deficits is conducted in the area of key aspects of social structure: demographic structure, employment and unemployment, poverty. The analysis covers the 1995–2010 time span. The realization of the stated aim requires measuring changes in the social structure. For this purpose quantitative metrics were used, such as: the dynamics of population growth, the dynamics of real growth, structure of population according to age, economic load factor, professional activity rate, registered unemployment rate, structural unemployment rate, spatial cross-section of unemployment rate, limits of poverty, proportion of people threatened with poverty, material deprivation index, the Gini ratio. The analyses conducted in the paper confirmed the hypothesis concerning structural imbalance of public finance. The search for its determinants in the changes of the social structure resulted in identification of the main adverse phenomena. The influence of the social structure on public finances is determined by a model of social policy and related regulations. Overcoming structural deficits requires a reduction of structural unemployment and poverty, and improvement of the demographic structure of the population. The article indicates that the effective actions leading to changes in the social structure are difficult to introduce due to inconsiderate fiscal policy in the scope of public revenues.

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