„K otázce organizačního a teologického vyústění českého katolického modernismu (1907-1924)
On the Question of Organisational and Theological Outfall of the Czech Catholic Modernism (1907-1924)

Summary/Abstract: The objective of this study is to capture the three phases of the Czech clergy reform movement differentiation, which were interconnected with the processes the National Czechoslovak Church and the Czech Orthodox Church formation at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries. The reform movement was shaped in the 1890s in the Roman Catholic Church and it was a part of the European Catholic modernism. After the release of the encyclical Pascendi dominici gregis (1907) it suppressed its activities. Following the birth of the Czechoslovak Republic (1918), it stepped out with a number of demands, which were supposed to help overcome the deep crisis in the Roman Catholic Church related to the heritage of Austrocatholicism. Simultaneously, they followed the idea of renaissance of Catholicism as the leading phenomenon of society, weakened by the formation of civil society in the capitalism era. Dispute over the shape of programme realisation ended in Roman Catholic Church scission and in the formation of Czechoslovak Church (1920). A radical group of priests, however, encountered a pending problem of its theological orientation. They solved it by another sub-partition: the faction of Karel Farský was building up Czechoslovak Church on new theological and organisational principles, while the group of Matěj Pavlík-Gorazda attached itself to orthodoxy and in the following years it laid the foundation of the Czech Orthodox Church.

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